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Clinical novitiate is not only a significant part in the training of basic comprehensive ability of clinical medicine students,but also a weak link in current teaching practice link. This research is guided by the educational reform of the"5+3"talent training mode and it carries out reforms by constructing three-stage novitiate mode, realizing curriculum integration and PBL teaching as well as multi-dimensional performance appraisal etc.It is student-centered and lays emphasis on developing students' autonomous learning ability,basic clinical skills and thinking ability,so as to improve the training quality of the medical professionals and provide a referable novitiate teaching mode for the training of medicine professionals under the new situation.
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Aiming at the existing problem of inequality and being unscientific in the evaluation of comprehensive quality of medical students, through literature research and expert opinion method, and from multi angles , the author constructed the evaluation index system of comprehensive quality of scientific medicine, using AHP to determine the weights of evaluation indexes, and established a fuzzy evaluation model of the comprehensive quality of medical students, and on this basis, improved the calculation method of fuzzy evaluation and the maximal subjection degree of the evaluation result. The specific examples of the evaluation results showed that the method was effective and could reflect the comprehensive quality of med-ical students in a comprehensive and objective way, and it had great significance to the comprehensive quality evaluation of medical students.
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Hydroxytyrosol ( 3 , 4-dihydroxyphenyle-thanol) presents in olive leaves and fruits with an ex-ceptional antioxidative activity. As a promising func-tional food ingredient, hydroxytyrosol shows many bio-logical activities, including preventing cardiovascular diseases, protecting retinal pigment epithelial cells, preventing osteoporosis, and improving the cognitive a-bility. According to the research progress in recent years,we have summarized the biological effect and the metabolism of hydroxytyrosol in this review.
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Objective To determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and related risk factors among residents in the urban and rural area of Chengdu.Methods A cluster sampling was used to establish a study population of inhabitants aged 30 to 70.Totally,1 847 participants were enrolled in this study.Questionnaire including general information and dietary information in the past year was used to collect related data.Height,body weight and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were measured.Factor analysis was used to analyze the dietary pattern while multivariate unconditional logistic regression used for risk factors in total population,urban and rural residents,respectively.Results The population standardized prevalence rates of diabetes in the overall,urban and rural residents were 20.2％,28.7％,11.1％,respectively.Among total population,middle-aged (OR=2.337,95％CI:1.305-4.185) and the elderly (OR=5.990,95％ CI:3.389-10.586) residents had higher diabetes risk than the younger ones.Administrators (OR=1.434,95％ CI:1.000-2.057) and ordinary clerks (OR=2.870,95％ CI:1.653-4.980) were more vulnerable to diabetes than peasants.Similarly,middle-aged (OR=2.973,95％ CI:1.101-8.031) and elderly (OR=5.972,95％ CI:2.267-15.730) turned out to be more predisposed than young people in the urban area.Compared with peasants,ordinary clerks (OR=2.196,95％CI:1.213-3.975) seemed to be more liable to diabetes.In the mral areas,dietary pattern with higher energy and protein (OR=1.404,95％ CI:1.113-1.772) could be subject to diabetes.Conclusion The prevalence of diabetes in Chengdu was relatively high.Age,career and dietary pattern are mainly risk factors.The factors in different districts are vaious.Intervention on nutrition should be different,area-wise.
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S100 A7 is a small calcium-binding protein that has an important role to play in the differentiation of human kerati -nocytes.It also helps build the chemical defense system of the skin and responds to oxidative stress and inflammation .The expression of S100 A7 can be induced by physical , chemical and biological stimulations .S100 A7 has many ligands and is related to the reactive oxygen species (ROS) via specific signaling pathways.As an important antimicrobial peptide, S100A7 helps the skin fight against main pathogens .S100 A7 is also a key indicator for the state of inflammation and cell differentiation;and its up-regulation has been cor-roborated in various skin diseases .In the brain of patients with Alzheimer′s disease, the up-regulation of S100A7 in primary cortico-hippocampal neurons can inhibit the generation of β-amyloid peptides .Moreover , S100 A7 is also up-regulated in different types of cancer and closely related to tumor malignancy and progression .In this review, we introduce biological properties of S 100A7 and high-light its expression characteristic in related diseases .This should have implication for the discovery of potential biomarkers and targets for the treatment of S100A7-related diseases.
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Objective To establish a method of isolating and cultivating rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro and the biological characteristics thereof.Methods MSCs were isolated and purified from the bone marrow of rat by density gradient centrifugation and by adhering to the culture plastic.After successive subculture and amplification,the growth curve was drawn.The morphology of MSCs was observed in primary and passage culture under inverted microscope.The cells surface antigens of CD29,CD38,CD44 and CD45 were detected through flow cytometer.Results Cultured primary MSCs were spin dle-shaped and had a typical fibroblast-like morphology,proliferated in colonies.After a series of passage,the attached cells became morphological homogeneous and proliferated quickly.The growth curves of passage 1,3 and 5 were quite similar.The surface marker identification showed that CD44 and CD29 were positive,but CD45 andCD38 were negative.Conclusion The MSCs can be successfully isolated,cultured and purified from rat bone marrow through density gradient centrifugation,adherent property and subculture.MSCs can greatly proliferate after a short period of culture in vitro.The MSCs can be used as a potential cell source for tissue engineering.
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【Objective】 To explore the mechanism of action of Losa rtan on vascular remodelling in hypertension and its relationship with neuroendo crine factor and renin-angiotensin system.【Methods】 The study consisted of co ntrol group and other three treatment groups: Losartan group、NPY group、and Los artan+NPY group. More than 200 cells were scanned in each group. The methods of c ellular culture, biochemistry and quantitative immunocytochemistry through ACAS5 70 were applied to investigate the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in cultur ed rat VSMC treated with Losartan and Neuropeptide Y (NPY) stimulation. 【Result s】 VSMC proliferation (by absorbauce) in the control group and other three exam ed groups: Losartan group、NPY group and Losartan+NPY group were 0.223 9±0.00 1 0、0.204 5±0.001 3、0.262 6±0.002 5、0.244 0±0.001 3, and PCNA (by fl uorescence intensity) were 1 543±200、1 339±233、1 649±233、1 545±256. It wa s observed that losartan could inhibit the VSMC proliferation in vitro cultu re with and without NPY simulation. Compared with the control groups, the VSMC p roliferation activity and expression of PCNA were obviously descreased in the lo sartan treated gro ups. 【Conclusion】 The results demonstrate that losartan has the inhibitive eff ects on VSMC profiferation and PCNA expression. The results also suggest that lo sartan has anti-NPY effect on VSMC in vascular remodelling of hypertensive vess els.
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AIM:To explore the effect of neuropeptide Y on expression of apoptosis associated genes and proliferation in vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC). METHODS: The proliferation activity of VSMC was dterminded by MTT colorimetry. The average fluorescence intensity that represented VSMC nuclear antigen (PCNA) and bcl-2, bax, fas expressions was quantitatively measured by fluorescence immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Compared with control, the expressions of bcl-2, bax, fas, PCNA and the VSMC proliferation activity in VSMC treated with NPY were significantly increased. CONCLUSION:NPY may increase the expression of apoptosis associated genes in VMSC and promote its proliferation.
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AIM: To explore the effect of neuropeptide Y on expression of apoptosis associated genes and proliferation in vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC). METHODS: The proliferation activity of VSMC was dterminded by MTr colorimetry. The average fluorescence intensity that represented VSMC nuclear antigen (PCNA) and bcl -2, bax, fas expressions was quantitatively measured by fluorescence immunohistoehemistry. RESULTS: Compared with control, the expressions of bcl - 2, bax, fas, PCNA and the VSMC proliferation activity in VSMC treated with NPY were significantly increased. CONCLUSION: NPY may increase the expression of apoptosis associated genes in VMSC and promote its proliferation.
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AIM: To observe expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and c-myc in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells which is effected by neuropeptide Y (NPY) and losartan (the receptor blocking agent of angiotensin Ⅱ) therefore exploring effects of NPY on the generation of hypertension and its relationship with losartan reverse treatment in molecular biology. METHODS: Applied the method of quantitative immunocytochemistry through ACAS570. RESULTS: 24 hours exposure of vascular smooth muscle cell to NPY caused an increase in expression of PCNA, PDGF and c-myc respectively. But losartan could reverse these expressions by NPY, decreased the expression of PCNA, PDGF and c-myc. CONCLUSION: NPY is closely related to the generation of hypertension. But losartan could reverse these effects of NPY.
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AIM:To investigate the interplay between the neuropeptide Y(NPY) and renin-angiotensin system, and relationship to the pathogenesis of hypertension. METHODS: The method of cellular culture, MTT colorimetric assay and quantitative immunocytochemistry through ACAS570 were performed for the effect of neuropeptide Y on proliferation of cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) and losartan treatment. RESULTS:It was observed that exposure of VSMC to neuropeptide Y could stimulate the proliferation of VSMC and caused increase respectively in MTT OD values and expression of proliferating cell nulear antigen(PCNA) but losartan interfered with NPY stimulating effects on VSMC and decreased MTT OD values and expression of PCNA. CONCLUSION:These results demonstrated that the NPY could promote proliferation of VSMC, this effect was partly preformed through angiotensin Ⅱ receptor.